Thank you for clarifying and referring me to that link. I've read the article and one crucial point is that the article measures the number of deaths, which is not age-adjusted. Due to the increasing aging population in most parts of the world, total deaths usually increase as the years go by. Another reason could be overwhelmed or understaffed (due to healthcare workers leaving) healthcare
I have here an article (written by a contributor to my publication) that pinpointed where the excess deaths came from in the U.S. And I think the situation described therein is similar to your concern in the Netherlands.
Next, you raised a good point that the quality of data collection and assessment may be poor. Honestly, I don't have much thought on this. Politics and flawed healthcare system are probably the reasons why.
